通風(fēng)空調(diào)管道質(zhì)量通病的防治

發(fā)布人：http://   發(fā)布時(shí)間：2021-08-11 16:29:39

保溫質(zhì)量通病主要表現(xiàn)為膠水涂刷不均勻，保溫材料粘接不嚴(yán)密，保溫材料的厚度選用不正確以及外觀型式不統(tǒng)一，型式不美觀等。在施工中有如下幾個(gè)主要質(zhì)量問(wèn)題：

The common problems of thermal insulation quality mainly include uneven glue brushing, loose bonding of thermal insulation materials, incorrect selection of thickness of thermal insulation materials, inconsistent appearance type, unsightly type, etc. There are several main quality problems during construction:

(1)保溫層與木托粘接不嚴(yán)密。施工中，因工人保溫層長(zhǎng)度測(cè)量不準(zhǔn)確，工人施工時(shí)常將保溫材料拉長(zhǎng)后粘接。由于材料本身有彈性，拉伸后即會(huì)收縮，時(shí)間長(zhǎng)了，就出現(xiàn)了保溫材料與木托粘接處開(kāi)膠的現(xiàn)象，這是保溫中更常見(jiàn)的質(zhì)量問(wèn)題之—。

(1) The bonding between the insulation layer and the wooden support is not tight. During construction, due to the inaccurate measurement of workers' insulation layer length, workers often stretch the insulation materials and then bond them. Due to the elasticity of the material itself, it will shrink after stretching. After a long time, the adhesive between the thermal insulation material and the wooden support will open, which is one of the most common quality problems in thermal insulation.

防治措施：在下料和粘接過(guò)程中不準(zhǔn)拉伸材料，同時(shí)要求在木托兩側(cè)和保溫材料截面上都要涂刷膠水，膠水涂刷的要均勻飽滿(mǎn)；木托要選用規(guī)則的，如果木托斷裂成數(shù)塊，就要換掉 ，防止因冷橋產(chǎn)生結(jié)露現(xiàn)象。

Prevention measures: it is not allowed to stretch materials during blanking and bonding. At the same time, glue shall be painted on both sides of the wooden support and on the section of the thermal insulation material, and the glue shall be painted evenly and fully; The wooden support shall be regular. If the wooden support is broken into several pieces, it shall be replaced to prevent condensation due to the cold bridge.

(2)保溫材料之間粘接不嚴(yán)密。保溫材料之間的粘接比較常見(jiàn)，特別是在水平管上方和立管的側(cè)面保溫材料的粘接縫較長(zhǎng)，很容易出現(xiàn)粘接不牢的現(xiàn)象。這主要是材料在切割過(guò)程中截面不平整、膠水涂刷不均勻造成的，這也是保溫中更常見(jiàn)的質(zhì)量問(wèn)題之一。

(2) The bonding between thermal insulation materials is not tight. The bonding between thermal insulation materials is common, especially above the horizontal pipe and on the side of the riser. The bonding joint of thermal insulation materials is long, which is prone to loose bonding. This is mainly caused by the uneven section and uneven glue brushing during the cutting process, which is also one of the most common quality problems in thermal insulation.

防治措施：要求施工人員在下料的過(guò)程中要使用直尺，不能徒手下料，涂刷膠水時(shí)要求均勻，粘接時(shí)要從一側(cè)開(kāi)始逐步向另一側(cè)用力擠壓，保證材料的切割面都能受力粘接牢固。

Prevention and control measures: the construction personnel are required to use a ruler in the process of blanking, and the blanking shall not be done by hand. The glue shall be applied evenly, and the bonding shall be squeezed gradually from one side to the other side, so as to ensure that the cutting surface of the material can be stressed and bonded firmly.

(3)彎頭處開(kāi)膠。管道保溫時(shí)一般要求把保溫層接縫放在管道上方，而在管道的彎頭上方經(jīng)常出現(xiàn)保溫層開(kāi)裂現(xiàn)象，致使局部保溫層過(guò)薄，造成凝結(jié)水結(jié)露。

(3) Glue shall be opened at the elbow. During pipeline insulation, it is generally required to place the joint of the insulation layer above the pipeline, and the insulation layer cracking often occurs above the elbow of the pipeline, resulting in local insulation layer being too thin and condensate condensation.

防治措施：要求施工人員在做彎頭保溫時(shí)不能只根據(jù)估計(jì)的尺寸下料，要用軟皮尺精確量取尺寸；所下料的截面要平整；在管道彎頭局部受力大的地方多涂抹膠水。

Prevention and control measures: the construction personnel are required not to cut materials only according to the estimated size when making elbow insulation, but to accurately measure the size with a soft leather ruler; The cut section shall be flat; Apply more glue where the local stress of the pipe elbow is large.

對(duì)彎頭保溫時(shí)，盡量采用直接彎管保溫，即保溫層粘接縫順著管道方向，而不采用切割馬蹄型分多次粘接來(lái)找補(bǔ)弧度的方法。這樣可省去大量的人力時(shí)間和材料，還能保證保溫質(zhì)量，同時(shí)外觀上也較后者美觀。

For elbow insulation, direct elbow insulation shall be adopted as far as possible, that is, the bonding joint of the insulation layer shall follow the direction of the pipeline, rather than the method of cutting horseshoe type and multiple bonding to repair the radian. In this way, a lot of manpower, time and materials can be saved, the insulation quality can be guaranteed, and the appearance is more beautiful than the latter.

(4)穿墻套管歪斜。實(shí)際施工容易出現(xiàn)管道穿墻處的套管放置偏心或偏出墻體，致使保溫層不能穿過(guò)墻體，起不到保溫的作用。

(4) The through wall casing is skewed. In actual construction, it is easy to place the casing at the place where the pipeline passes through the wall eccentric or deviates from the wall, so that the thermal insulation layer cannot pass through the wall and cannot play the role of thermal insulation.

防治措施 ：套管一般是直接采用施工中的管道切割制作，根據(jù)墻體厚度和抹灰厚度定出套管長(zhǎng)度，在墻體施工前用多根楔型木條把套管支撐起來(lái)，固定在管道上，塞木條時(shí)要保證套管與管道同心。保溫施工時(shí)把木條拆下來(lái)，再將保溫層穿過(guò)套管。

Prevention and control measures: the casing is generally cut and made directly by the pipeline in construction. The length of the casing is determined according to the wall thickness and plastering thickness. Before wall construction, the casing is supported and fixed on the pipeline with multiple wedge-shaped wooden strips. When plugging the wooden strips, ensure that the casing is concentric with the pipeline. During insulation construction, remove the wooden strip, and then pass the insulation layer through the casing.

(5)成品被破壞。橡塑保溫施工完畢后，靠近人行通道的保溫管道，容易被沉重和尖銳的物體磕碰、刮破。

(5) The finished product is damaged. After the rubber and plastic insulation construction, the insulation pipeline close to the pedestrian passage is easy to be knocked and scratched by heavy and sharp objects.

防治措施 ：在明裝的地方采用紙箱或厚的塑料布包裹嚴(yán)密，用鐵絲捆綁結(jié)實(shí)，施工中可以利用橡塑材料或風(fēng)機(jī)盤(pán)管的包裝箱。保護(hù)層要超過(guò)普通人手所能夠到的高度。在明裝的新風(fēng)機(jī)房和明裝管道井中的保溫要盡量推遲到其它工種施工完畢后再施工，爭(zhēng)取一次做到位。

Prevention and control measures: the exposed places shall be tightly wrapped with cartons or thick plastic cloth and firmly bound with iron wires. Rubber and plastic materials or packing boxes of fan coil units can be used in construction. The protective layer should be higher than ordinary hands can reach. The thermal insulation in the exposed fresh air fan room and exposed duct shaft shall be postponed to the construction of other types of work as far as possible, and strive to be in place at one time.

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