通風(fēng)管道設(shè)計安裝時要注意些什么問題？

發(fā)布人：http://   發(fā)布時間：2019-01-24 11:08:25

通風(fēng)管道設(shè)計不行忽視的三方面：

Three aspects should not be neglected in ventilation duct design:

1.系統(tǒng)的區(qū)別排煙系統(tǒng)防煙分區(qū)區(qū)別應(yīng)結(jié)合建筑防火分區(qū)來考慮，做到既有利于地下室通風(fēng)系統(tǒng)兼作排煙系統(tǒng)，又不會出現(xiàn)排煙風(fēng)管跨越枋火分區(qū)現(xiàn)象。所以運用一套風(fēng)管時系統(tǒng)應(yīng)滿足往常排風(fēng)與火災(zāi)時排煙要求。

1. The distinction of smoke prevention zoning of smoke exhaust system should be considered in combination with building fire prevention zoning. It is beneficial to both basement ventilation system and smoke exhaust system, and there will be no phenomenon of smoke exhaust duct crossing the fire zoning. Therefore, when using a set of air ducts, the system should meet the usual requirements of ventilation and smoke exhaust in fire.

2.地下室通風(fēng)方法合理安置排風(fēng)管及排風(fēng)口，往常排風(fēng)用，火災(zāi)時兼作排煙風(fēng)管及排煙口;地下一層考慮由車道天然進(jìn)風(fēng)，其它層由往常送風(fēng)系統(tǒng)兼作火災(zāi)時補風(fēng)系統(tǒng)。

2. The ventilation method of basement is reasonable to install exhaust ducts and vents, which are usually used as exhaust ducts and vents in fires; the natural intake of lanes is considered in the first floor of basement, and the supplementary air system in fires is used in the other layers.

每個排風(fēng)、排煙及送風(fēng)系統(tǒng)應(yīng)設(shè)置豎井，進(jìn)風(fēng)口應(yīng)設(shè)在地上潔凈處，若能與地下主樓有必定間隔更好，其受火災(zāi)氣影響會小;若能與地上主樓有必定間隔更好，其受火災(zāi)煙氣影響會小，排風(fēng)口方位應(yīng)高于附樓層面， 以減少排風(fēng)對地上環(huán)境影響。

Each exhaust, smoke exhaust and air supply system should be equipped with vertical shafts, and the air intake should be located in the ground clean place. If it has a certain interval with the underground main building, it will be less affected by fire gas; if it has a certain interval with the above-ground main building, it will be less affected by fire smoke, and the position of the air outlet should be higher than the level of the attached building, so as to reduce the influence of exhaust air on the ground environment.

3.排風(fēng)、排煙及送風(fēng)風(fēng)機選型排風(fēng)、排煙風(fēng)機可選離心風(fēng)機或許高溫軸流風(fēng)機。一般離心風(fēng)機即可滿足排風(fēng)排煙要求，但大風(fēng)量離心風(fēng)機只能裝置在地上，占地較大，需要較大機房。

3. Selection of exhaust fan, exhaust fan and supply fan, centrifugal fan or high temperature axial fan for exhaust fan. Generally, centrifugal fans can meet the requirements of exhaust and smoke exhaust, but large air volume centrifugal fans can only be installed on the ground, occupying a larger area, and need a larger machine room.

高溫軸流風(fēng)機為消防專用風(fēng)機，也能滿足在280℃ 煙溫下運轉(zhuǎn)30 min的要求， 而高溫軸流風(fēng)機體積小，一般可吊裝，若設(shè)機房面積也小，實踐工程設(shè)計中，往往選用高溫軸流風(fēng)機排煙。

High temperature axial flow fan is a special fan for fire fighting, which can also meet the requirement of running for 30 minutes at 280 ~C smoke temperature. However, high temperature axial flow fan is small in volume and can be hoisted generally. If the area of the room is small, high temperature axial flow fan is often used to exhaust smoke in practical engineering design.

通風(fēng)管道裝置的四大注意事項：

Four points for attention in ventilation pipeline installation:

1)關(guān)于比較復(fù)雜的民用建筑，在設(shè)計階段，各工種(暖通、給水排水，供電照明與建筑)應(yīng)洽談好空間分隔，定出每種管道的標(biāo)高范圍。一般情況下不得越出給自己規(guī)則的邊界。遇有單個管段要越界時應(yīng)與其他工程洽談。

1) For more complex civil buildings, at the design stage, each type of work (HVAC, water supply and drainage, power supply and lighting and architecture) should first negotiate space separation and determine the elevation range of each kind of pipeline. Normally, you should not go beyond the boundaries of your own rules. If there is a single pipe section to cross the boundary, it should be negotiated with other projects.

2)解決各種通風(fēng)管道相碰及協(xié)調(diào)的準(zhǔn)則，一般為：“小管讓大管，有壓讓無壓”。例如，自來水管與風(fēng)管相撞，則應(yīng)當(dāng)自來水管拐彎。冷、熱水管與下水管相碰，則應(yīng)改變冷、熱水管道。

2) The criteria for solving the collision and coordination of various ventilation pipes are generally as follows: "Small pipes let big pipes, pressure let no pressure". For example, when a water pipe collides with an air pipe, the water pipe should turn. When the cold and hot water pipes collide with the sewer pipes, the cold and hot water pipes should be changed.

3)施工前應(yīng)設(shè)備總管的工程師，將各工種的管線，單線畫在一張平面圖上。每種管道用一種彩色筆。在各交點處歸納其標(biāo)高，看是否有矛盾之處，及時發(fā)現(xiàn)，將問題解決在裝置之前。

3) Before the construction, the Engineer in charge of the equipment shall draw the pipelines of each type of work on a single plan. Each pipe uses a colour pen. Summarize the elevation at each intersection to see if there is any contradiction, find out in time, and solve the problem before the device.

4)為了減少出資，節(jié)約空間，降低層高，有些敷設(shè)無坡度要求的管道，可以穿梁敷設(shè)(如自來水管道，消防噴灑干管等)。

4) In order to reduce investment, save space and reduce floor height, some pipes without slope requirements can be laid through beams (such as tap water pipes, fire spraying trunk pipes, etc.).

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